Arduino Mega 2560 R3 is an upgraded version of Arduino Uno R3 with more I/O pins, peripherals, and memory. The board is designed and uses components equivalent to the official version on Arduino.cc, suitable for applications that require more memory or more pins and interfaces than Arduino Uno. The price of the board includes a USB cable.
Arduino Mega 2560 R3 is a microcontroller board based on ATmega2560. This board has 54 I/O pins (14 PWM pins), 16 analog input pins, 4 UARTs (hardware serial ports), uses a 16 MHz crystal oscillator, has a USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header, and a reset button. The board has everything needed to support the microcontroller.
SPECIFICATIONS
Main microcontroller: ATmega2560
Programming and UART communication IC: ATmega16U2.
Board power supply: 5VDC from USB port or external power supply plugged into the DC jack (recommended 7-9VDC to ensure proper operation. If you plug in 12V, the voltage regulator IC is very likely to be damaged and cause circuit failure).
Digital pins: 54 (15 PWM pins)
Analog pins: 16
UART communication: 4 UARTs
SPI communication: 1 set (pins 50 -> 53) used with Arduino’s SPI library
I2C communication: 1 set
External interrupts: 6 pins
Flash memory: 256 KB, 8KB used for bootloader
SRAM: 8 KB
EEPROM: 4 KB
Clock frequency: 16 MHz
All Arduino Uno shields can be used with Arduino Mega.
Mega cannot use the SoftwareSerial library because it already has 4 UARTs.